In the late 8th-century Zunjing (尊經) scriptural index discovered in the Dunhuang caves, the Book of Acts and the Epistles of St. Paul follow the exact same brilliant phonetic styling. Scholar-monk Jingjing (Adam) matched the phonetic pronunciation of the original Syriac terms with prestigious Chinese literary suffixes to give them imperial weight.
Their precise titles are recorded as follows:
1. The Book of Acts
- Chinese Title: 《伯路句事經》
- Pinyin: Bólùgùshì Jīng
- Linguistic Mechanics: This title is a direct Middle Chinese phonetic transliteration of the Syriac word Praxapostoloi (ܦܪܟܣܝܣ ܕܫܠܝܚܐ), which means "The Acts of the Apostles." The word Bólùgùshì captures the rhythmic cadence of Prax-apostoli. By appending 經 (Jīng), it translates contextually to "The Sutra of the Acts of the Apostles."
2. The Epistles of St. Paul (Collected Letters)
Rather than listing all 14 Pauline Epistles individually, the Jingjiao index catalogs Paul's letters as a single collective volume of apostolic wisdom:
- Chinese Title: 《寶路法王經》
- Pinyin: Bǎolù Fǎwáng Jīng
- Linguistic Mechanics: 寶路 (Bǎolù) is the phonetic transliteration of the Syriac name for Paul, Paulos (ܦܘܠܘܣ).
- The Theological Honorific: Crucially, instead of using the generic suffix for an apostle, Jingjing chose the heavy term 法王 (Fǎwáng), which translates to "Dharma King" or "King of the Law." In Tang Dynasty China, Fǎwáng was an incredibly high title reserved exclusively for Buddhas, high Bodhisattvas, or exceptionally righteous rulers.
By naming the collection the "Sutra of the Dharma King Paul," the Jingjiao church elevated St. Paul to the same spiritual status as a supreme enlightened master in the eyes of the imperial court.
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